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Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 133 is a United States Navy Construction battalion, otherwise known as a Seabee Battalion, based out of Naval Construction Battalion Center (Gulfport, Mississippi).〔http://www.public.navy.mil/usff/1NCD/Pages/NMCB133/default.aspx〕 ==NCB 133== The unit was commissioned on September 17, 1943 as Naval Construction Battalion (NCB) 133. The Kangaroo symbol and "Kangroo Can Do" slogan were chosen as it was to be deployed to Australia, however the first deployment was actually at Naval Air Station, Honolulu.〔http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/navy/nmcb133.htm〕 NCB 133 accompanied the invading forces on Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945; with a primary goal of maintaining a constant supply to the forward lines of Marine forces. As soon as the Japanese were driven from their airstrips, the Seabees went to work and in just seven days the northeast-southwest runway had been made operational and was in use by American planes. Over the 26 days the battle for Iwo Jima waged on, NCB 133 endured 245 casualties, including 3 officers and 39 enlisted killed in action plus 2 mia. This was the highest number of casualties for any Seabee unit in history. Over the next five months that the Battalion spent on Iwo Jima, over 100,000 tons of rock was crushed, over a million cubic yards of earth moved, of drainpipe was laid, of conduit was installed and of concrete was placed. NCB 133 was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation for its part in the Battle of Iwo Jima. In December 1945, following the end of World War II NCB 133 was decommissioned due to the reduced need to maintain Construction Battalions. Unfortunately some of the above information is incorrect. The Battalion did not adopt the Kangaroo until it reactivated in 1966. The Battalion was never going to Australia and this can be confirmed by calling the Seabee Museum. The 133rd that landed on Iwo Jima had an Insignia drawn by the Disney Studios. A second class Jack E. Dorn - 3rd platoon D Co. sent a request to the Disney Studios on 9 Dec. 1944. The Studios received it on the 26th of Dec and sent the completed design to the Battalion in June 1945. The Battalion was still on Iwo Jima when it was received. That Insignia was of a Seabee walking, carrying a Hammer and Monkey Wrench while chewing a stem of oats .(7) "RAINMAKERS" is the moniker those men used as they felt it Rained everywhere they went. It is also the name they used on the Unit History published in 1945.(8)--- (133 external link bottom of page) The Battalion was transferred TAD to the 4th Marine Division 31 Oct 1944 and returned to the Navy March 1945. (D-plus 18) NCB 133 and the 4th Marine Pioneers were the primary Units that composed the Assault Battalions Shore Party for the 23rd and 25th Regimental Combat Teams (RCT), 4th Marine Division Yellow and Blue beaches.(9) (11) HqCo 133 - assigned Hq for yellow beaches (RCT 23)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LANDED 1445, 1620 A Co - assigned to Left Assault Battalion Shore Party (RCT23) yellow1 - - - LANDED 0935 B Co - assigned to Right Assault Battalion Shore Party (RCT23) yellow2 - - LANDED 0935, 1130, 1140 C Co - assigned to Shore Party Reserve yellow beaches (RCT23) - - - - - - - LANDED 1220 D Co - assigned to Shore Party Reserve blue beaches (RCT25) - - - - - - - - -LANDED 1600 DOG-DAY H-Hour was 0900. 0917.. A Co Engineering Det to mark beach - 7 men --5 were wounded 0917.. A Co security section (40 men) landed yellow1 - composed of 15 BAR teams and 2 squads of 50-cal's-- this section had 3 killed 14 wounded 0930.. A Co Shore Party- (30 men) brought in 4 37mm anti-tank guns. First 7 man crew wiped out moment they pushed gun onto beach. A Co's 150 men were to unload guns, ammo, build dumps and evac wounded-- Company had 60 casualties 0930.. LSM 206 landed one D-8 cat for A Co 0935.. B Co was landed on wrong beach - blue2 ("Blew-2-Hell" beach as the men called it)--lost 30 men immediately 1140.. B Co remainder landed- blue1 1220.. C Co security section (42 men 15 BARs an two 50's) advanced to top of third terrace and dug in at the edge of the airfield (that was the front line) 1220.. C Co shore party landed yellow1 and ordered by the beachmaster to carry ammo to the airfield 1400.. LSM 206 re-beached and offloaded other two D-8s. They immediately moved to the left side of yellow1 to make a road to the front lines. One of the dozers stuck a mine and work was stopped until minefield could be cleared 1600.. D Co landed on blue (conflicting info on this) - was tactically disposed and told to dig in, suffered heavy casualties 1730.. B Co still on blue1 under heavy mortar fire- Conditions on yellow2 CRITICAL! shore party there is down to 2 Officers and 42 enlisted- B Co ordered to move immediately HqCo was charged with Beach Security. Rainmakers Log states that the Security Sections were put on the Line until their ratings were required on the beach. HqCo Medical Section...... blue2 Dr. and 7 corpsmen landed-- Dr. evac-ed on same boat he landed on......yellow2 Dr. the Dent. and 6 corpsmen-- single shell took the entire party D-day all personnel were initially employed to aid the evacuation of casualties. From D-Day until D-plus5 the men were on call and worked 24hrs a day. D-plus5 to D-plus8 the men worked 4hrs on 4hrs off. From D-plus8 to D-plus14 they worked 4hrs on 8hrs off. On D-plus14 they were put on 8hr shifts. The Security sections and Equipment Operators- WERE ON DUTY AT ALL TIMES NECESSARY from beginning to the end of the assault phase.(11) D-plus1.. yellow1 LSM 202 land 3 D8's, a cherry picker and 4 trucks at 1100 D-plus2.. HqCo sent to RCT23 dump at 1200 hrs as dump labor party because of the manpower shortage D-plus2.. yellow2 was closed as unusable-UDTs were placed in charge of salvage-synonomous with beach clearance. 133's demolitions-men, cats and UDT-14 blew up and removed all the obstructions so the beach could function- reopened at 1400 (13) D-plus2.. 1700 of the 28 Officers that landed half were gone from the beach wounded or killed D-plus3.. IT RAINED D-plus3.. B Co moved to yellow1 D-plus4.. HqCo sent to Divisional Dump 1730 hrs to work as dump labor- that night ammo and fuel were unloaded and moved there D-plus5.. 0900 133's heavy equipment began to be unloaded and the Battalion's dump was established D-plus6.. Left half of yellow1 and right half of red2 combined to create black beach for the 3rd Marine Division "reiforced" by NCB 62 to land on. D-plus6.. C Co moved to yellow2 and C Co Commander made Commander of that beach. This beach was 133's until D-plus 18 D-plus6.. Last enemy fire hits beach D-plus8.. Corps Shore Party directed yellow beach to send 180 Seabees for ships platoons D-plus8.. Corps Shore Party directed blue beach to send 160 men D-Co for ships platoons D-plus9.. All of D Co except equipment operators and truck drivers became ships platoons D-plus12.. Marines O1 objectives achieved D-plus18.. 133 and the 4th Pioneers were relieved by the Army Garrison Shore party The unit Histories of both the 4th and 5th Marine Divisions state that the conditions on the beach, for the Shore Parties and Beach Parties, were worst than the front-lines. NCB 133s primary assignment was to get Motoyama Airfield #1 operational as quickly as possible. On D-plus5 that assignment was given to NCB 31 due to the losses 133 had suffered.(10) D-plus6 NCB 62 landed and took over Airfield #1- NCB 31 was assigned Airfield #2 and the 133rd got Airfield #3 (D-plus6 info is conflicting on the 31st and 62nd ) The Marines planned for Iwo Jima based upon their experience at Tinian. There the 2nd and 4th Marine Divisions assault was "reinforced" by the 18th and 121st NCB's. On D-plus3 the Jap airfield was secured and the Seabees had it operational in a few hours. On Iwo the 4th and 5th Marine Divisions were "reinforced" by the 133rd and 31st NCB's. Marine maps indicate O1 (objective day1) had them securing Motoyama Airfield #1 and 133 would whip it into shape. That mindset did not foresee the need to extensively train the Seabee Officers and NCO's in shore party operations. Marine combat reports later complain about this on D-plus4 when the only remaining Officers on yellow beach were 133's CEC. That same report fails to acknowledge that the Seabees brought with them capabilities the Marines did not have. The Seabees had six D-8cats (132-148 Hp) while the Pioneers had TD-14's (51-61 Hp) and TD-18's (72-81 Hp). The Seabee dozers had winches while the Marines did not. Both the 4th and 5th Marine Divisions reports state that in the future all Marine dozers should be equipped with them. The winches facilitated unloading, pulling vehicles, tanks, artillery and using the dozers as dead-men for landing craft. It was reported that the 31st had 6 dozers as dead-men on a single landing craft at one point. 28 Sept 1945 Letter from 9th Construction Brigade to 8, 31 and 133 CBs: 29 Sept Detached from the 41st Construction Reg Iwo Jima and will act as independent units pending attachment to a higher construction unit. (12) In October a Detachment was sent to Kyushu Japan (as was the entire 31st NCB). Those 133 men were discharged January 1946 at Bremerton, Washington 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 133」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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